2024 Sacraments Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards | Knowt (2025)

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Def of ritual

An established pattern of actions, usually involving words, which have symbolic meaning.

Def of liturgy

Describes a religious organization’s public, communal, and official prayer.

Def of Sacrament

An efficacious and visible sign of God’s grace and love, instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church, by which divine life is dispensed to us.

Def of grace

God extending His loving relationship with us. It is unearned and unconditional.

Def of symbol

An object or action that points us to another reality. It leads us to look towards something intangible or invisible.

Def of Paschal Mystery

The work of salvation accomplished by Christ mainly through his Passion, death, Resurrection, and Ascension.

Def of redemption and how it works in the sacraments

Def of agape

God’s sacrificial, unconditional love with no boundaries.

Def of philia

Sisterhood/Brotherhood; love between friends.

Def of Eros

Romantic love.

What does it mean to say the Sacraments “dispense sanctifying grace”?

Sacraments heal our human nature wounded by sin and restore us to friendship with God

How is the Paschal Mystery at the core of every sacrament?

In every Sacrament a transformation occurs. We die with Christ by letting go of some of our "former selves" and come to a new risen life with him

Sacraments invite one into a deeper relationship with_____.

Members of the Faith Community and God.

What does is mean to say Sacraments are instituted by Christ?

the sacraments originate in Christ’s ministry and work.

What do sacraments make present?

the saving work of Christ.

What does it mean to say the Sacraments are “efficacious”?

The Sacraments are not empty words but make real the grace that they symbolize. They have a real effect.

What are Sacraments based on?

Scripture and tradition.

What does it mean to say Sacraments have “required dispositions,” and what two things do they require?

The Sacraments bear fruit in those who approach them with faith. They require an attitude of faith and that we are engaged in the liturgy.

What do the sacraments invite us into?

A unique, graced encounter with the risen Christ.

What is the function of symbols in the Sacraments?

The Sacraments make real the effects of symbols and symbolic actions.

What do the Sacraments symbolize and make real?

God’s grace, God’s loving relationship, and His agape.

Sacraments at the service of communion:

Marriage and Holy Orders.

Sacraments of initiation:

Baptism, Eucharist, and Confirmation.

Sacraments of healing:

Reconciliation and Anointing of the Sick.

Def of Original Sin

the fallen state of human nature that affects every person born into the world. We are born into an imperfect relationship with God.

What are the effects of baptism (6)?

In baptism, how do we die and rise with christ?

baptism signifies a death of our former selves in order to undergo a transformation.

In baptism, how do we become adopted children of God?

as children of God, the baptized receive the Holy Spirit.

In baptism, how do we become members of the Church?

this initiation into the catholic church comes with rights and responsibilities which we obtain through baptism.

In baptism, what does being empowered for discipleship entail?

we are anointed to share in Christ’s ministry as priests, prophets, and kings.

In baptism, how do we receive a permanent sacramental character?

after the sacrament, we gain an indelible character, meaning that the effects we receive cannot be forgotten, done over again, or removed.

what are the 2 essential elements of the Rite of Baptism?

what is the role of godparents in baptism?

professing the faith on behalf of an infant child and being a faith model for them.

what does martyr mean in greek and in general?

witness, person who died for their faith.

What are the effects of confirmation (6)?

In confirmation, what does it mean to say it roots us more deeply as adopted children of God?

we receive an inheritance from the Holy Spirit again, but more fully: the gifts.

In confirmation, what does it mean to say it unites us more firmly to Christ?

confirmation is conformity to Christ.

In confirmation, what does it mean to say it increases the gifts of the Holy Spirit within us?

Confirmation strengthens and confirms the graces of the Holy Spirit received in baptism. Through the sacrament, we inherit the gift of the Holy Spirit: wisdom, understanding, right judgment, courage, knowledge, piety, and wonder and awe.

In confirmation, what does it mean to say it strengthens our relationship with the Church?

it is another act of initiation into the Church, and initiation is incomplete without it.

In confirmation, what does it mean to say it helps us bear witness to our faith through our words and actions, and never be ashamed of the Cross?

we become martyrs through the Holy Spirit, spreading and defending the faith by what we say and do as witnesses to Christ.

role of anointing with oil in confirmation

oil is a spiritual seal that signifies joy, cleansing, healing, and strength. Also a sign of consecration.

Def of transubstantiation, the role of accidents and substances, and what Catholics believe we receive through transubstantiation.

The name is given to the action of changing the bread and wine into the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ. During this, the accidents remain while the substance transforms. We receive the whole of Jesus Christ —body, blood, soul, and divinity.

Def of substance

Nouns. These can change, too (caterpillar to butterfly).

Def of accident

Def of Eucharist

Translates from Greek to mean "thanksgiving"
• Eu (good) + charistein (grace)

Def of mass

Mass(Latin) means dismissal. It is a reminder that we, after being empowered by the Eucharist, are dismissed—sent forth—to accomplish God’s will in the world.

What are the effects of the Eucharist (5)?

In the Eucharist, how is our union with Christ strengthened?

In the Eucharist, how is our union with the Church strengthened?

We are incorporated deeper into the Church (brought into one body through receiving the one body of Christ).

In the Eucharist, how is our prayer for union among all Christians encouraged?

There are many divisions among denominations, and the Eucharist calls us to pray and work for Christian unity so that we may all celebrate it together.

In the Eucharist, how are we committed to the poor?

We are called to share our gifts with the poor just as Jesus did through the Eucharistic meal in his time.

In the Eucharist, how are we separated from sin?

If the Eucharist unites us to Christ, it must also purge us of our transgressions and sins. If the Eucharist unites us with Christ, it strengthens our capacity to love God, self, others, and creation.

Mass as memorial

The memorial of Christ’s Paschal Mystery is a living memory, and every mass re-presents his sacrifice for us. However, Christ is not sacrificed again and again.

Why Passover is relevant to our study of the Eucharist.

It sheds light on the meaning of Jesus as the “Paschal Lamb” or the “Lamb of God,” Jesus instituted the Eucharist at a Seder meal, and The Passover recalls a story of bondage to freedom, similar to how Jesus’ sacrifice on the cross would bring about redemption.

How does Jesus share himself with the assembly at mass?

He shares himself through the priest, the word (readings), and the Eucharist.

Vatican II on laity’s participation in the liturgy

Every mass invites the laity (people in the mass) to lift up their own hearts in sacrifice so that they may be transformed and receive back a new life in Christ.

Def of sin

"to miss the mark;" a failure in genuine love for God, self, others, or creation

Def of venial sin

a less serious offense against God, self, others, and creation

Def of mortal sin

an action so serious that it separates us from God's grace. This sin must be grave, intentional, and done with the knowledge that it is wrong.

Def of sin of omission

sin caused by our inaction

def of sin of commission

a sin that is the direct result of a freely chosen thought, word, or deed

Def of repentance

sincere regret or remorse; an attitude of sorrow for a sin and a resolution to not sin again

Def of reconcile

to restore to harmony and friendship

Def of metanoia

conversion; change of heart

Def of absolution

formal release from guilt; the pardoning of the penitent's sins

Def of penance

prayer or action intended to repair harm

Def of concupisence

The tendency of all human beings toward sin, temptation

Def of examination of conscience

Prayerful reflection on, and assessment of, one's words, attitudes, and actions in light of the Gospel

Def of viaticum

"food for the journey;" Holy Communion received by someone near death

Effects of Anointing of the Sick

Effects of Reconciliation

Who receives anointing of the sick

Parts of the Rite of Anointing of the Sick

Use of oil in anointing of the sick

The use of oil is rooted in Christ’s healing ministry, which brought spiritual and physical healing to the afflicted.

Christian reflections on suffering

Karma believes that suffering is a result of our past actions, but Christianity believes that Christ doesn’t inflict suffering onto us, rather, he suffers with us.

Def of vocation

Latin for “to call.” How God calls you to serve Him in the world.

Def of discernment

The process of determining God’s call for your life.

Def of apostolic succession

The uninterrupted passing of apostolic preaching and authority from the Apostles directly to all bishops.

Def of covenant

a treaty, a partnership to reach a goal.

Def of in persona Christi

Def of the common priesthood of all believers

The name for the priesthood shared by all who are baptized.

Common priesthood of all believers vs. ordained priesthood

Everyone who is baptized is called to be a priest (common), but some are called to a permanent ministry (ordained). These people go through Holy Orders, a sacrament by which the baptized are ordained for permanent ministry in the Church as bishops, priests, and deacons. They don’t have more priesthood; they have a different kind of priesthood. (they use in persona Christi)

Rite of Holy Orders (3 degrees and 3 steps)

Marriage as a free, fruitful, and faithful commitment

Minister of the Sacrament of Marriage

Not the officiant (witness) that ministers the sacrament, the couple are the only ones who can minister this grace—God’s gift of love—to reality. It is the couple’s consent to a lifelong covenant of faithful love, which is open to children, that is a sign of grace.

The essential words or action in the Sacrament of Marraige

The couple must make solemn promises before both the community and God. Marriage is a public vocation - the rite is best done with community support and witness. The sacrament is an act of worship, and having it in a church drives that idea home.

How do the marriage vows reflect God’s grace?

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